UNPACKING INDONESIA’S MOTIVES THE IUAE-CEPA THROUGH THE LENS OF CROSS-REGIONAL TRADE AGREEMENTS
Main Article Content
Abstract
This study examines Indonesia’s motives in establishing a cross-regional economic partnership with the United Arab Emirates through the IUAE-CEPA. Departing from Indonesia’s typical trade strategy focused on large or geographically proximate economies, this agreement reflects a shift in economic diplomacy. Applying cross-regional trade agreement partner selection theory and a qualitative document analysis method, the research reveals that Indonesia’s motivations extend beyond economic interests to include political and diplomatic strategy. The findings contribute to understanding how emerging economies leverage trade agreements for geopolitical positioning and regional economic integration.
Article Details
Issue
Section
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
The authors submitting a manuscript do so on the understanding that if accepted for publication copyright of the article shall be assigned to Intermestic: Journal of International Studies, International Relations Department, Padjadjaran University as the publisher of the journal.
References
Andriani, Y., & Andre, D. (2017). Implikasi Perjanjian Kemitraan Ekonomi Komprehensif Indoensia-Australia (IA-CEPA) terhadap Perdagangan Luar Negeri Indonesia. Andalas Journal of International Studies|, 6, 79.
Antara. Kantor Berita Indonesia. (2021, November 5). Kadin undang investor infrastruktur UEA investasi di ibu kota baru. Retrieved from https://www.antaranews.com/berita/2504657/kadin-undang-investor-infrastruktur-uea-investasi-di-ibu-kota-baru
Asia Regional Integration Centre (ARIC). (n.d). Indonesia Overview – Free Trade Agreements (FTA). Retrieved from https://aric.adb.org/indonesia/overview
Avivi, Y., & Siagian, M. (2020). Kepentingan Indonesia Dalam Kerja Sama Bilateral Dengan Jepang Studi Kasus: Indonesia-Japan Economic Partnership Agreement (IJEPA). Paradigma POLISTAAT: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial Dan Ilmu Politik, 3(1), 49–61. https://doi.org/10.23969/paradigmapolistaat.v3i1.2967
Bahri, S. (2024). Indonesian Economic Diplomacy in Accelerating Indonesia-Canada CEPA Negotiations. Moestopo International Review on Social, Humanities, and Sciences, 4(2), 187–197. https://doi.org/10.32509/mirshus.v4i2.89
Baqi, A. M. (2022). Komitmen Investasi Uni Emirat Arab (UEA) pada Indonesia Investment Authority (INA) 2021. Intermestic: Journal of International Studies, 7(1), 11. https://doi.org/10.24198/intermestic.v7n1.2
Cholif, U. M., & Paksi, A. K. (2022). South Korea’s Interests behind the Reactivation of IK-CEPA Negotiations with Indonesia. Insignia Journal of International Relations, 9(1), 20–36.
Coordinating Ministry for Economic Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia. (2022, December 9). Tak Hanya Miliki Domestic Market yang Besar, Indonesia Juga Berpeluang Menjadi Produsen Halal Terkemuka Dunia. Siaran Pers Nomor HM.4.6/737/SET.M.EKON.3/12/2022. Jakarta 9 Desember 2022. Retrieved from https://www.ekon.go.id/publikasi/detail/4805/tak-hanya-miliki-domestic-market-yang-besar-indonesia-juga-berpeluang-menjadi-produsen-halal-terkemuka-dunia
Darmastuti, S., Bainus, A., Sumadinata, R. W. S., & Heryadi, R. D. (2022). Free Trade Agreement (FTA) Though Economic Diplomacy Strategy: Study of Indonesia-Japan Economic Partnership Agreement (IJEPA). Revista UNISCI, 2022(58), 107–123. https://doi.org/10.31439/unisci-135
Department of Trade Negotiations, & WTO. (2010). Free Trade Agreements (pp. 1–15). Ministry of Foreign Trade, United Arab Emirates.
Dewi, R. A., & Santoso, R. B. (2022). Diplomasi Ekonomi Indonesia Terhadap Korea Selatan Dalam Indonesia - Korea Comprehensive Eonomic Partnership Agreement (IK-CEPA). Indonesian Journal of International Relations, 6(2), 368–386. https://doi.org/10.32787/ijir.v6i2.386
Dinar Standard, & Indonesia Halal Lifestyle Center. (2021). INDONESIA HALAL MARKETS REPORT 2021/2022.
Directorate General (DG) of Foreign Trade Ministry of Trade Republic of Indonesia (MoT RI) (2023, September 1). Sosialisasi Permendag Pemanfaatan IUAE-CEPA Melalui Surat Keterangan Asal (SKA) dan Tariff Rate Quota (TRQ). Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b_kpU8luKkc&t=2272s&ab_channel=DitjenDaglu
Directorate General (DG) of International Trade Negotiations Ministry of Trade Republic of Indonesia (MoT RI). (2020). Rencana Strategis Perundingan Perdagangan Internasional Tahun 2020-2024.
Directorate General (DG) of International Trade Negotiations Ministry of Trade Republic of Indonesia (MoT RI). (2022, July 3). IUAE–CEPA Ditandatangani: Sejarah Baru Bagi Indonesia dan Uni Emirat Arab. Retrieved from https://ditjenppi.kemendag.go.id/berita/iuae-cepa-ditandatangani-sejarah-baru-bagi-indonesia-dan-uni-emirat-arab
Directorate General (DG) of International Trade Negotiations Ministry of Trade Republic of Indonesia (MoT RI). (2023, September 27). INDONESIA-UNITED ARAB EMIRATES COMPREHENSIVE ECONOMIC PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENT (IUAE CEPA). Retrieved from https://ditjenppi.kemendag.go.id/bilateral/afrika-timurtengah/uniemiratarab
Emirates News Agency-WAM. (2024, March 24). UAE investments abroad are performing well despite global economic fluctuations: Secretary-General of UAEIIC. Retrieved from https://www.wam.ae/en/article/b2b0634-uae-investments-abroad-are-performing-well-despite
Farisa, F.C. Kompas.com (2022, November 14). Kisah Kedekatan Jokowi dan Presiden MBZ, Abadikan Nama utuk Jalan hingga Pemberian Hadiah Masjid. Retrieved from https://nasional.kompas.com/read/2022/11/14/18524011/kisah-kedekatan-jokowi-dan-presiden-mbz-abadikan-nama-untuk-jalan-hingga?page=all
Free Trade Agreement (FTA) Center, Ministry of Trade Republic of Indonesia (MoT RI). (2023a). Perjanjian Perdagangan Bebas. Retrieved from https://ftacenter.kemendag.go.id/free-trade-agreement
Free Trade Agreement (FTA) Center, Ministry of Trade Republic of Indonesia (MoT RI). (2023b). IUAE-CEPA. Retrieved from https://ftacenter.kemendag.go.id/iuae-cepa
Ibu Kota Nusantara (IKN). (2021, November 11). Uni Emirat Arab Siap Gelontorkan Rp142 T untuk Ibu Kota Baru. Retrieved from https://www.ikn.go.id/uni-emirat-arab-siap-gelontorkan-rp142-t-untuk-ibu-kota-baru
Indonesian Cabinet Secretariat (2023, April 8). Perkembangan Perjanjian Perdagangan Bilateral antara Indonesia dengan Negara Mitra. Retrieved from https://setkab.go.id/perkembangan-perjanjian-perdagangan-bilateral-antara-indonesia-dengan-negara-mitra/
Islamawati, D. (2019). Faktor Domestik di Balik Kerjasama Ekonomi: Kebijakan Jepang terhadap Indonesia dalam Skema Indonesia-Japan Economic Partnership Agreement (IJ-EPA) 2008 – 2018. Journal of International Relations, 5(4), 707–717. http://ejournal2s1.undip.ac.id/index.php/jihi
Ismail, A., & Mulyaman, D. (2018). Pendekatan Behavioralisme dan Kendala Perundingan Indonesia-Korea Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (IK-CEPA). Jurnal ISIP: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial Dan Ilmu Politik, 15(2), 33–45.
Juned, M., & Sutiono, P. (2024). Discussion of Indonesia-EU comprehensive economic Partnership Agreement: European Interest in Indo-Pacific and Bebas Aktif Foreign Policy. Cogent Social Sciences, 10(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2024.2417805
Komite Nasional Keuangan Syariah (KNEKS). (n.d.). Strategi Nasional Pengembangan Industri Halal Indonesia.
Lamont, C. (2015). Research Methods in International Relations (N. Aguilera, Ed.). Sage Publications Ltd.
Martha, J. (2023). Peluang Ekspor Dan Tarif Preferensi Pada Skema Indonesia-United Arab Emirates Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement.
Minhajuddin. (2023). Kepentingan Uni Emirat Arab Dalam Kerja Sama Ekonomi Dengan Indonesia (IUAE-CEPA) : Telaah Konstruktivisme. Jurnal Ilmu Hubungan Internasional LINO, 3(2), 123–132.
Ministry of Economy (MOEC). United Arab Emirates. (2023). The UAE-Indonesia Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement. www.moec.gov.ae/cepa
Ministry of Economy (MOEC). United Arab Emirates. (n.d). A Global Investment Hub - GCC Free Trade Agreements Support the UAE's Top Global Rankings. Retrieved from https://www.moec.gov.ae/en/-free-trade-agreements
Ministry of Economy (MOEC). United Arab Emirates. (n.d). Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreements. Retrieved from https://www.moec.gov.ae/en/cepa
Ministry of Investment and Downstream/BKPM. (2024). Realisasi Penanaman Modal Berdasarkan Negara Periode 2010 - Juni 2024. Retrieved from https://www.bkpm.go.id/id/info/realisasi-investasi/2024
Ministry of Trade Republic of Indonesia (MoT RI). (2024a, July 30). Perundingan I-GCC FTA Siap Diluncurkan, Mendag Zulkifli Hasan Optimis Ekspor Indonesia Bakal Meningkat. Retrieved from https://www.kemendag.go.id/berita/siaran-pers/perundingan-i-gcc-fta-siap-diluncurkan-mendag-zulkifli-hasan-optimistis-ekspor-indonesia-bakal-meningkat
Ministry of Trade Republic of Indonesia (MoT RI). (2024b, September 13). Perundingan Putaran Pertama Indonesia–GCC FTA Berjalan Positif,Momentum Tingkatkan Ekspor ke Kawasan Arab Teluk. Retrieved from https://www.kemendag.go.id/berita/siaran-pers/perundingan-putaran-pertama-indonesia-gcc-fta-berjalan-positif-momentum-tingkatkan-ekspor-ke-kawasan-arab-teluk
Musfiroh. (2020). Motif Indonesia dalam Indonesia-Chile Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (IC-CEPA) [Tesis, Universitas Indonesia]. https://lib.ui.ac.id/detail?id=20507508&lokasi=lokal
Musfiroh. (2024). Indonesia’s Motivations for Signing of the Indonesia-Chile Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (IC-CEPA). Papua Journal of Diplomacy and International Relations, 4(1), 16–28. https://doi.org/10.31957/pjdir.v4i1.3132
Nabila Salsa Bila, & Hasna Wijayati. (2022). The Impact of IK-CEPA (Indonesia-South Korea Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement) for Indonesia. Formosa Journal of Sustainable Research, 1(3), 287–298. https://doi.org/10.55927/fjsr.v1i3.908
Naskah Penjelasan Pengesahan Persetujuan Kemitraan Ekonomi Komprehensif Antara Pemerintah RI dan Pemerintah PEA. (2023).
National Committee for Sharia Economics and Finance (KNEKS). (2021, December 30). Indonesia-UAE Menjajaki Kerja Sama Ekonomi Syariah dan Halal. Retrieved from https://kneks.go.id/berita/421/indonesia-uae-menjajaki-kerja-sama-ekonomi-syariah-dan-halal?category=1
Nurhafizhah, R., & Hirawan, F. B. (2021). Prospects And Challenges of Indonesian Exports to Non-Traditional Market: Measuring the Competitiveness of Indonesian Products In UAE Market. Administratio, 12(1), 15–32.
Prost, D., Rafael, E., Kennedy, J. F., & Kennedy, H. (2023). Trade Agreements in the UAE: Signing the maximum number of deep agreements in the shortest possible time 1 Written in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master in Public Administration in International Development.
Putri, K., Zaki Hanifan, H., Rasendriya, P. D., Zulfa Nur Habibah, S., & Fatkhuri. (2024). Analisis Eksistensi Hashim Sujono Djojohadikusumo Dalam Pemindahan Ibu Kota Negara: Studi Kasus Kepemilikan HPH dan HGB Di Kalimantan Timur. IKRAITH-HUMANIORA, 9(1), 279–295. https://doi.org/10.37817/ikraith-humaniora
Rahman, Musthafa Abd. (2021, November 15). Kedekatan Jokowi-MBZ, Senyawa Poros Baru Hubungan Indonesia-UEA. Retrieved from https://www.kompas.id/baca/internasional/2021/11/15/kedekatan-jokowi-mbz-senyawa-poros-baru-hubungan-indonesia-uea?status=sukses_login&login=1734007384141&open_from=header_button&loc=header_button
Rosita, I., Sultan, U., Tirtayasa, A., Raya, J., Km, P., Serang, K., Banten, P., Rachmah, O. Z., Jaelani, A., Mohas, M., & Tajudin, A. A. (2024). The Urgency And Strategy Of IC-CEPA International Cooperation On The Economic Development Of Indonesia. Tirtayasa Journal of International Law, 3(2), 140–153. https://jurnal.untirta.ac.id/index.php/tirtayasatjil
Sandi, F. CNBC Indonesia. (2020, January 14). Pangeran UEA Jadi Bos Dewan Pengarah Proyek Ibu Kota Baru RI. Retrieved from https://www.cnbcindonesia.com/news/20200114103315-4-129787/pangeran-uea-jadi-bos-dewan-pengarah-proyek-ibu-kota-baru-ri
Santoso, R. B., & Moenardy, D. F. (2023). Indonesia’s Economic Diplomacy in Indonesia - EFTA Economic Partnership Agreement (IE-CEPA). Indonesian Journal of International Relations, 7(2), 271–290. https://doi.org/10.32787/ijir.v7i2.456
Saptowalyono, C.A. Kompas.id. (2023, December 27). Ketika Nama MBZ dan Jokowi Disematkan di Jalan dan Masjid. Retrieved from https://www.kompas.id/baca/polhuk/2023/12/26/ketika-nama-mbz-dan-jokowi-disematkan-di-jalan-dan-masjid,
Satu Data Perdagangan. Ministry of Trade Republic of Indonesia (MoT RI). (n.d). Neraca Perdagangan Dengan Mitra Dagang – Uni Emirat Arab. Retrieved from https://satudata.kemendag.go.id/data-informasi/perdagangan-luar-negeri/neraca-perdagangan-dengan-mitra-dagang
Shafaki, Reem El. Dinar Standard. (2022, August 29). State of the Global Islamic Economy Report 2022. Retrieved from https://www.dinarstandard.com/post/state-of-the-global-islamic-economy-report-2022
Shikoh, R., Kawsar, N. H., Farook, S., El Shafaki, R., Mirza, S., Ahmed, T., Refinitiv Islamic Finance Team, Infomineo, Ali, M., Mia, A., Cochrane, P., Liaqat, I. A., Misbah, N., Baig, M. Z., Hasan, S. J., Moiz, A. A., & Monroy, A. (2022). State of the Global Islamic Economy Report 2022.
Siswanto, C. A., Kurniawan, W., & Birahayu, D. (2023). Indonesia’s Participation In IE-CEPA: An Obligation or Policy? Jurnal Penelitian Hukum De Jure, 23(2), 255. https://doi.org/10.30641/dejure.2023.v23.255-272
Sjahril Sabaruddin, S., & Marks, S. V. (2016). The Potential Political Economy Impact of the Proposed Indonesia-Chile Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement. Asian Journal of Latin American Studies, 29(1), 83–108.
Solis, M., & Katada, S. N. (2008). Cross-Regional Trade Agreements: Understanding Permeated Regionalism in East Asia (V. K. Aggarwal, Ed.). Springer.
State Secretariat of the Republic of Indonesia. (2024, September 12). Presiden Jokowi Dorong Transformasi IKN sebagai Kota Masa Depan. Retrieved from https://www.setneg.go.id/baca/index/presiden_jokowi_dorong_transformasi_ikn_sebagai_kota_masa_depan
Suryanto, S., & Kurniati, P. S. (2022). Analisis Perdagangan Internasional Indonesia dan Faktor-Faktor yang Memengaruhinya. Intermestic: Journal of International Studies, 7(1), 104. https://doi.org/10.24198/intermestic.v7n1.6
Tsauro, M. A., & Taufiq, F. (2023, March 14). Beyond Syaikh Zayed Grand Mosque: the UAE and Arab-Indonesian relations. Retrieved from https://indonesiaatmelbourne.unimelb.edu.au/beyond-syaikh-zayed-grand-mosque-the-uae-and-arab-indonesian-relations/
UN Comtrade Database. (n.d) Trade Data Indonesia – United Arab Emirates. Retrieved from https://comtradeplus.un.org/TradeFlow
Wa’Uina, O. J., Nau, N. U. W., & Seba, R. O. C. (2024). Kepentingan Ekonomi Indonesia melalui Perjanjian Indonesia – Uni Arab Emirates Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (IUAE-CEPA). Al-Kharaj: Jurnal Ekonomi, Keuangan & Bisnis Syariah, 6(8). https://doi.org/10.47467/alkharaj.v6i8.2900
World Integrated Trade Solution. (n.d). Indonesia Exports by country in USD 2017-2022. Retrieved from https://wits.worldbank.org/CountryProfile/en/Country/IDN/StartYear/2017/EndYear/2022/TradeFlow/Export/Partner/BY-COUNTRY/Indicator/XPRT-TRD-VL